It also increases the risk for complications such as infection and wounds breaking open. Smoking can delay healing after surgery.Medicines such as corticosteroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some chemotherapy drugs can slow healing.Stress may cause you to not get enough sleep, eat poorly, and smoke or drink more, which can interfere with healing.Heavy alcohol use can slow healing and increase the risk for infection and complications after surgery.In general, older adults heal more slowly than younger people.
Being overweight can also put tension on stitches, which can make them break open.
Obesity increases the risk of infection after surgery. Poor blood flow due to clogged arteries ( arteriosclerosis) or conditions such as varicose veins. People with diabetes are likely to have wounds that won't heal, which are also called long-term (chronic) wounds. Infection can make a wound larger and take longer to heal. With larger wounds, you are more likely to have a scar.Ĭertain factors can prevent wounds from healing or slow the process, such as: When cared for properly, most wounds heal well, leaving only a small scar or none at all. People with darker complexions are more likely to have keloids form. Some may have thick, unsightly scars called keloids. Some people are more likely to scar than others. With deeper wounds, you are more likely to have a scar. If you only injured the top layer of skin, you will probably not have a scar. Scars form because the new tissue grows back differently than the original tissue. Over time, the scar will fade and may disappear completely. It will be less strong and less flexible than the surrounding skin. The scar that forms will be smaller than the original wound. After the scab falls off, the area may look stretched, red, and shiny. As healing continues, you may notice that the area itches. As the wound heals, the edges pull inward and the wound gets smaller.Ī scar forms and the wound becomes stronger. New skin begins to form over this tissue. The wound starts to fill in with new tissue, called granulation tissue. Red blood cells help create collagen, which are tough, white fibers that form the foundation for new tissue. 
Over the next 3 weeks or so, the body repairs broken blood vessels and new tissue grows.White blood cells help fight infection from germs and begin to repair the wound.Blood vessels open in the area, so blood can bring oxygen and nutrients to the wound.You also may see some clear fluid oozing from the wound.The wound becomes slightly swollen, red or pink, and tender.Once the scab forms, your body's immune system starts to protect the wound from infection. For example, burns, some puncture wounds, and pressure sores do not bleed. The blood clots dry and form a scab, which protects the tissue underneath from germs.The blood will start to clot within a few minutes or less and stop the bleeding.When you get a cut, scrape, or puncture, the wound will bleed. The larger or deeper the wound, the longer it takes to heal. The smaller the wound, the quicker it will heal.
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